This session highlights recent methodological and translational advances in diffusion MRI. Presentations span foundational developments in DWI/DTI/DKI and diffusion modeling, as well as applications in white matter characterization for neurological and psychiatric disorders and in oncologic imaging. Particular attention is given to challenges that limit clinical deployment, such as inter-site variability and MRI harmonization, as well as to emerging solutions that improve robustness, interpretability, and reproducibility. By integrating technical innovation with disease-focused applications, this session aims to bridge diffusion MRI methodology and real-world clinical decision-making.

Skill Level: Intermediate